Previously, I believed that the parents of 1050811Joan ___ were 2101622Thomas de Dene and 2101623Martha de Shelving. However, researcher Pete Andrews called my attention to 2101622Thomas' inquisitions post mortem, which I had overlooked. 2101622Thomas' two IPM's strongly suggest that he is not 1050811Joan's father (since the IPM explicitly notes 2101622Thomas' daughter Joan as deceased in early childhood, among other incongruences). Nevertheless, because 1050811Joan certainly seems to be related to 2101622Thomas in some manner, and because my older work could prove useful for future research, I've isolated the profile pages that I'd written for 1050811Joan's formerly proposed ancestors into a separate section of my website, starting from the old version of Joan's page onward. You can see a list of those ancestors or a family tree of them.

Key Facts

Snapshot:	lived in 14th-century Kent, England
Parents:	2101622Thomas de Dene 2101623Martha de Shelving
Born:	by 1343 location unknown
Died:	by 1412 location unknown
Buried:	unknown

1050811Joan de Dene is the daughter of 2101622Thomas de Dene and 2101623Martha de Shelving, as explained below, and was born by 1343.*

Problem: Resolved Who is 1050811Joan's father? There have been multiple, conflicting reports about the identity of 1050811Joan's parents in past works, as explained in an article (titled "Stephen de Thurnham: A New Crusader Descent" by Jared Nathan and Bryant Knight) pending publication in a future volume of The Genealogist. Our article presents an array of evidence and argues convincingly that 1050811Joan's father is 2101622Thomas de Dene. Although I'll summarize some of the major elements of the evidence presented, the full article contains additional analyses, especially explanations why other proposals for the identity of 1050811Joan's father are probably erroneous. An inquisition dated 14 March 1412 proves that 1050811Joan and her two sisters Elizabeth and Benedicta had inherited manors at Boughton Malherbe, Throwley, and Wormshill.1 Intriguingly, 2101622Thomas de Dene himself had inherited those same three manors, as proven by an inquisition on 21 May 1341.2 The apparent inheritance from 2101622Thomas to 1050811Joan is firm evidence of a father-daughter relationship. 1050811Joan, her sisters, and the manors they inherited mentioned in a 14 March 1412 record.1 In a document pertaining to an inquisition done on 6 March 1491/2, Robert Sondes (son of Reginald Sondes,3 son of 131350William Sondes and 131351Elizabeth at Towne;4 and thus Robert Sondes is the 3x-great-grandson of 1050811Joan) states that 2101622Thomas at Dene owned the manor of Throwley in 1348, and that after him Henry Apuldefeld—who we know is 1050811Joan's second husband5—owned it after 8 April 1362.3 Although Robert doesn't explicitly state that 1050811Joan's father was 2101622Thomas, this relationship is very strongly implied. Furthermore, the same document twice mentions 2101622Thomas' ancestor 8406490Hamo de Gatton, thus affirming the lineage. 2101622Thomas de Dene and [1050811Joan's second husband] Henry de Apuldrefeld mentioned as successive owners of the manor at Throwley.3 Robert Sondes' testimony and especially the inheritances are robust, nearly contemporary evidence that 1050811Joan is 2101622Thomas' daughter, but we also have later, supporting evidence: In two heraldic visitations from 1574 and 1619, we see that two groups of the descendants of 131351Elizabeth at Towne (1050811Joan's great-granddaughter) both claimed Gatton and Dene arms6,7—precisely what one would expect if they were in fact descended from 2101622Thomas de Dene. Similarly, the tomb of later descendant Sir Thomas Sondes, who died in 1592, includes Gatton and Dene arms8 (as are illustrated in one of Sir Edward Dering's manuscripts9). † The tomb of Thomas Sondes in St. Michael & All Angels Church in Throwley depicts Gatton and Dene arms.8 The arms of 8406490Hamo de Gatton and 4203244William de Dene illustrated in one of Sir Edward Dering's manuscripts9 Separately, an early pedigree among Sir Edward Dering's manuscripts shows that its compiler had reached the same conclusion about 1050811Joan's ancestry. Although the compiler doesn't explicitly explain his sources or rationale, his work repeatedly mentions the manors, so he must have used their inheritance as evidence, just as Jared Nathan and I have done in our aforementioned article. The most relevant portion of the pedigree is copied below.10

Problem: Resolved Who is 1050811Joan's mother? We know that 2101622Thomas de Dene had married 2101623Martha de Shelving by 27 September 134111 when he was about 23 years old.12 Considering his young age, it's doubtful that he was a widower (i.e., doubtful that he'd ever had another wife). Furthermore, 2101622Thomas probably died fairly young (He was alive in 1348,3 but I find no record of him thereafter.), and 2101623Martha allegedly outlived him (according to Hasted,13 although I've been unable to find contemporary supporting evidence. The claim seems entirely reasonable, however, since 2101623Martha likely was still quite young when 2101622Thomas died). In light of this evidence, 2101623Martha de Shelving seems to be the only plausible candidate for 1050811Joan's mother.

1050811Joan, her husband 1050810John de Detlyng, and several of their descendants are mentioned in a lawsuit filed by three of their great-granddaughters during an Easter 1440 court.14 The same relationships described in the lawsuit record were later affirmed in the 1574 visitation of Kent.15

1050810John, 1050811Johane, and their daughter 525405Benedicta mentioned together in an Easter 1440 lawsuit record. Full page.14

1050811Joan outlived her husband 1050810John and later re-married: A 1363 fine reveals that her second husband was Henry de Apuldrefeld,5 and 1050811Joan is likewise described as "de Apulderfeld" in a 1412 record.1 The same 1412 record strongly implies that 1050811Joan had died by that time.

1050811Joan and her second husband Henry de Apuldrefeld named in a 1363 fine. Full page.5

Footnotes:

*	1050811Joan's parents had married by 1341,11 and 1050811Joan had married her second husband by 1363.5 1050811Joan must have been born by 1343 simply based on her life chronology.
†	As you'll notice, Thomas Sondes' tomb actually shows the Dene arms twice. This unusual usage isn't immediately relevant for proving 1050811Joan's ancestry but will be addressed in a forthcoming article.

Sources Cited:

1: College of Arms, Philipott MS. 26, 27, folio 43b. You can see a partial transcription of the original Latin, or an English translation by Simon Neal. The most important phrases in the document are "Benedictae uxoris ejusdem Stephani Betenham," "Joh'ae de Apulderfeld matris eiusdem Benedicta," and "super divisione maneriorum de Throughly, Bocton Malherbe et Wormesail inter p'fatam Joh'am matrem dictae Benedictae ac Elizabetham et Benedictam sorores ejusdem."

2: Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and Other Analogous Documents Preserved in the Public Record Office, Volume VIII, Edward III, Part 1 (London, 1935), page 228.

3: Kent Archives reference U791/T67, folio 1, front. 2101622Thomas de Dene and Henry de Apuldrefeld are mentioned about halfway down the document very near the right margin. An English translation is available.

4: Kent History and Library Centre archive reference CCA-DCb/PRC/32/2/275b (Canterbury Cathedral Archives / Diocese of Canterbury / Probate Court Records / Consistory Court Registers of Wills / Registers of Wills, 1459-1484), the will of William Sondds of Throwley, dated 1473. FamilySearch (FHL microfilm 188833 volume 2, images 420 and 421 of 796). FamilySearch restricts access to these images, so see copies here: 420, 421. You can read an English-language abstract in: Nicholas Harris Nicolas, Testamenta Vetusta: Being Illustrations from Wills, of Manners, Customs, &c. as well as of the Descents and Possessions of Many Distinguished Families from the Reign of Henry the Second to the Accession of Queen Elizabeth, Volume I (Nichols and Son, London, 1826), pages 332-334.

5: UK National Archives reference ID CP 25/1/105/174 no. 1373. I obtained an image of this record from: Anglo-American Legal Tradition, O'Quinn Law Library, University of Houston; <http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT7/CP25(1)/CP25_1_105_160-175/IMG_0375.htm>, accessed 6 August 2022. As you can see, the original record is in Latin, but an English translation is available.

6: W. Bruce Bannerman, ed., The Visitations of Kent, Taken in the Years 1530-1 and 1574, Part 1 (Publications of the Harleian Society, volume 74, London, 1923), page 29.

7: "The Visitation of the County of Kent, Taken in the Year 1619," Archaeologia Cantiana, Volume IV (London, 1861), page 258.

8: Julian P. Guffogg, "Coats of Arms, Sondes tomb, Throwley Church" (online image), Geograph.org.uk, <https://m.geograph.org.uk/photo/2637601>, accessed 15 September 2022. Mr. Guffogg has shared this image under a Creative Commons BY-SA 2.0 license.

9: Kent History and Library Centre archive reference U350/Z23, a page depicting the arms of Hamo de Gattona and William de Dene.

10: Kent History and Library Centre archive reference U350/Z34, pages numbered 310 and 311 and labeled "DENE" in the upper right corner, containing three pedigrees, the largest and most significant of which begins with "Ricūs de Dene, miles."

11: Calendar of the Patent Rolls Preserved in the Public Record Office: Edward III, A.D. 1340-1343 (London, 1900), page 289.

12: Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and Other Analogous Documents Preserved in the Public Record Office, Volume VIII, Edward III, Part 1 (London, 1935), page 228. This record allows us to estimate that 2101622Thomas was born circa 1318.

13: Edward Hasted, The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent, 2nd edition, Volume V (Canterbury, 1798), page 400.

14: UK National Archives reference ID CP 40/717 (Court of Common Pleas / Plea Rolls / Chief Justice's roll, 18 Hen VI, Easter term), on an apparently unnumbered page pertaining to a lawsuit involving William Sonde et al. vs. John Ruton et al. I obtained an image of this record from: Anglo-American Legal Tradition, O'Quinn Law Library, University of Houston; <http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT1/H6/CP40no717/bCP40no717dorses/IMG_1261.htm>, accessed 29 March 2022. You can see AALT's index entry for this record at <http://aalt.law.uh.edu/Indices/CP40Indices/CP40no717/CP40no717Pl.htm> by searching "1262." As you can see, the original record is in Latin, so refer to the abstract in: George Wrottesley, Pedigrees from the Plea Rolls: Collected from the Pleadings in the Various Courts of Law, A.D. 1200 to 1500, from the Original Rolls in the Public Record Office, page 371.

15: W. Bruce Bannerman, ed., The Visitations of Kent, Taken in the Years 1530-1 and 1574, Part 2 (Publications of the Harleian Society, volume 75, London, 1924), page 34.