Key Facts

Snapshot:	skipper traveled through hostile Indian territory; ignored a government order not to do so
Parents:	15588Andries Luycaszen 15589Jannetje Sebÿns
Earliest known record:	10 February 1654 Fort Orange, New Netherland
Died:	sometime between 1686 and 1 May 1700 presumably New York
Buried:	unknown

7794Lucas Andrieszen's parents are 15588Andries Luycaszen and 15589Jannetje Sebÿns, as explained in the problem sections below.

Problem: Resolved Who is 7794Lucas' father? Although no document explicitly identifies 7794Lucas' father, there is sufficient circumstantial evidence to conclude that his father was 15588Andries Luycaszen. The evidence presented below is divided into four basic groups: (1) patronymic naming patterns; (2) similar occupations; (3) 15588Andries witnessed the baptism of a girl who was very likely 7794Lucas' niece; and (4) similar marks. Patronymic Naming Patterns Arthur Kelly's book Names, Names, and More Names: Locating Your Dutch Ancestors in Colonial America states on page 10: During the period of Dutch settlement, encompassing most of the seventeenth century, patronymics were commonly used. Many of the early Dutch Settlers arrived in New Amsterdam without an established surname. Individuals were identified by adding their father's name to their given name with an attached suffix to indicate child of such as "-s", "-se", "-zen", etc. For example, an individual named Jacob might be further identified as the son of Jan by calling him Jacob Jans or Jansen. Therefore, one would expect 7794Lucas Andrieszen's father to be named "Andries," thus 15588Andries is a plausible candidate. Page 217 of Kelly's book explains another naming trend that further suggests 15588Andries was 7794Lucas' father: The typical family [...] seemed to prefer a system of naming the first two children of each sex in honor of the grandparents of the same sex. Usually the father's father was the name chosen for the first male child. Because 15588Andries Luycaszen's very name implies that his father's name was "Lucas," and because "the father's father was the name chosen for the first male child," one should expect that 15588Andries Luycaszen would have named one of his sons "Lucas." (Unfortunately, though, there is no direct evidence that 7794Lucas was 15588Andries' first son specifically.) Similar Occupations Since patronymic naming patterns give us much reason to suspect that 15588Andries was 7794Lucas' father, we should look at each of these men for other evidence that could suggest (or disprove) a familial relationship. In so doing, we find numerous records that describe both men as skippers, boat owners, etc.1-7 Since sons often take the same profession as their fathers, this connection fortifies the father-son relationship hypothesis. 15588Andries witnessed the baptism of Jannetie, who was very likely 7794Lucas' niece. On 19 July 1648, 15588Andries Lucaszen witnessed the baptism of Jannetie, daughter of Jan Janszen van Breestede.8 Eight and a half months earlier, this Jan Janszen had married Marritje Lúcas,9 who is named in several other, later baptism records as Marritje Andries.10-12 (This inconsistency of patronyms is not entirely unexpected. Women sometimes used their father's patronyms as their own.) Judging by 15588Andries' witnessing of the baptism, and by Marritje's patronyms, 15588Andries was almost certainly Marritje's father. It seems very likely that Jan Janszen van Breestede and 7794Lucas Andrieszen were brothers-in-law in light of the evidence shown above, and also because they lived almost directly across the street from each other.13,14 Their properties are highlighted in the map below. 7794Lucas owned the top house (A6), and Jan the bottom (C1).15 Similar Marks The first mark below was "signed" by 15588Andries in 1648.4 The second mark is by 7794Lucas in 1661.16 As you can see, the marks are quite similar; the most striking difference is that they are mirror images of each other.

Problem: Resolved Who is 7794Lucas' mother? On 30 August 1656, 7794Lucas Andrieszen and 7795Aefje Laurens had their daughter Lÿsbeth baptized. Witnesses were "Schippr. Laurens en sÿn huis vr." (i.e., 15590Laurens Corneliszen and 15591Lÿsbeth Thÿssen, as explained in 7795Aefje Laurens' profile).17 Lÿsbeth is the first daughter of 7794Lucas and 7795Aefje found in New Amsterdam baptism records. On 17 October 1657, they had their daughter Jannetje baptized. Witnesses were 15590Laurens Corneliszen and 15589Jannetje Sebÿns.18 Jannete is their second daughter found in New Amsterdam baptism records. Arthur Kelly's book Names, Names, and More Names: Locating Your Dutch Ancestors in Colonial America states on page 10: The typical family [...] seemed to prefer a system of naming the first two children of each sex in honor of the grandparents of the same sex. Usually the father's father was the name chosen for the first male child. If that grandparent was still living, he would usually stand as the male sponsor for that child's baptism. The second male child would then be named for the mother's father [...]. Daughters' names were also selected based upon grandparents' names when this system was used. This naming trend suggests that 7794Lucas Andrieszen's mother was 15589Jannetje Sebÿns, who predictably witnessed the baptism of 7794Lucas' second daughter Jannetje. As explained earlier on this page, also notice that 7794Lucas' probable sister Marritje also had a daughter named Jannetie--further evidence of these relationships.

The earliest record of 7794Lucas is a court record from Fort Orange, New Netherland dated 10 February 1654 that gave 7794Lucas permission to keep a boat he'd seized as payment for a debt owed to him.

Fort Orange, February 1654: the earliest known record of 7794Lucas. Full page.19 A translation is below.

Translation: Whereas Luykas Andriesz, skipper, complains that some money is due him by Willem Albertsz from Monickendam and that for that reason he had taken possession of a boat belonging to said Willem Albertsz, it is decided by this court that he, Luykas Andriesz, may keep possession of said boat until he is paid and satisfied.5

On 15 October 1655, he paid one beaver as a tax in New Amsterdam.20

On 20 November 1655, 7794Lúcas Andrieszen of New Amsterdam married 7795Aefje Laúrens of Amsterdam. I'm unsure whether the city names refer to where they were born.21

1655: The church's record of 7794Lúcas' and 7795Aefje's marriage. Full page.21

On 26 April 1657, he was admitted as a small burgher of New Amsterdam.22

The Castello plan shows 7794Lucas' property in the summer of 1660. It lay at what would now be 13 Broadway, Manhattan, New York City (although no such address number is now in use), just a short distance from the Wall Street bull statue. I've marked the location on the master map. (The tome The Iconography of Manhattan Island, Volume II provides a lengthy description of the Castello plan, including some explanation of how the homes' owners were identified. I refer you there for more in-depth research. 7794Lucas and his property are described on pages 218-219.)

7794Lucas' property depicted on a map of New Amsterdam in 1660. Full image.23

The location, more or less, of (what would be) 13 Broadway, Manhattan, New York City, once owned by 7794Lucas Andrieszen

On 4 October 1661, a New Amsterdam court appointed 7794Lucas to help resolve a financial dispute between two men.24

In late October 1661, someone allegedly stole butter from 7794Lucas' house while he was out of town on a business trip to Fort Orange. On 8 November 1661, a New Amsterdam court interrogated a prisoner named Mesaack Martens about the theft. Martens denied involvement.25

Full page.25 Translation: "Did you not, about fourteen days ago, climb in behind the fence of one Lucas Andriessen, skipper, trading to Fort Orange, thro' the garden and enter the house there very early in the morning. Were you not found there with a tub of butter about half empty, and did you not steal and take it with you and carry it to your house?" 26

The next day (9 November 1661), 7794Lucas, apparently still in Fort Orange, along with his partner Jan Joosten purchased a sloop named Eendracht (Dutch for "unity" or "concord").

1661: Excerpts from a bill of sale by which 7794Lucas purchased a boat. Full page.16 Translation.27

On 23 January 1663, Jan Joosten petitioned for permission to seize a boat that he and 7794Lucas had sold, since the buyer had defaulted on the payments.28 His petition was granted on 23 February, and the ship's name is stated: Flower of Gelder.6

On 6 March 1663, 7794Lucas and Jan Joosten got in legal trouble for selling a kedge they knew they had no right to sell.29

During ongoing hostilities with local Indians (in which several European settlers had been abducted and held for ransom, including children), on the afternoon of 3 December 1663 several men refused to wait for permission or an escort to travel through hostile territory. The same letter mentions "the Skipper Lucas Andriessen, also, said that he would not wait for the Director General's nor any man's letters but be off, as the wind was fair." 30 Five days later, Nicasius de Sille filed a formal complaint about the scofflaws (including 7794Lucas), who "have presumed to drive with six wagons, loaded with grain, to the Redoubt without a convoy, as they were not willing to wait for the letters to the Director General and Council and for the escort, which is contrary to orders and in derision of the placards, because great danger was imminent [...] and it was further in disobedience to the orders of the Director-General and Council. [...] [They] ought to be condemned to a fine of twenty-five guilders [...]." 31

On 21 February 1664, 7794Lucas pledged 100 guilders to help fortify New Amsterdam. Below is the relevant excerpt from the donors list.32 This was just six months before the British would conquer the city.

7794Lucas' name on a list of donors to fortify New Amsterdam. Full page.32 Translation.33

After the British conquered New Amsterdam on 8 September 1664 and renamed it New York,7794Lucas and many other inhabitants swore allegiance to the king of Great Britain in late October.34

The Dutch briefly re-took the city in late 1673, but 7794Lucas repeated his allegiance to Britain after they regained control a few months later.35

On 19 April 1665, he was taxed 2 guilders as a resident of "Heere Straat" (later renamed Broadway).36

On 17 January 1666, 7794Lucas and his old partner Jan Joosten joined the Dutch Reformed Church in New York.37 At the time, the church was inside the fort, as can be seen in the following sketch, which was drawn in 1656. The church is the tallest building in the sketch.38 I've also marked the location on the master map. The congregation of this so-called "church" still exists today, but meets at four separate locations, the oldest of which is Marble Collegiate Church.

Excerpts from a record that shows 7794Lucas joined the Dutch Reformed Church in 1666.37

New Amsterdam's skyline as of 1656, including the church that 7794Lucas would join 10 years later. Full image.38

On 10 April 1674, 7794Lucas, Jan Joosten, and numerous other skippers met in Fort Orange to discuss a government mandate that a sloop or two immediately travel to a few nearby areas.39

On 12 January 1679/80, 7794Lucas and his father-in-law 15590Laurens Corneliszen as residents of Midwout (later renamed Flatbush in Brooklyn, New York City) signed a petition to Governor Edmund Andros to request relief with their quit-rent (essentially a property tax), because the people who had sold them the land had deliberately deceived them about how much the quit-rent would cost.40

In 1686, pastor Domine Selyns made a list of the members of the Dutch Reformed Church. His list includes "Lucas Andrieszen, en syn h. ["and his wife"] Aefje Laurence" in a section for residents of "Breede weg" (i.e., Broadway).41 This is the last known record of 7794Lucas made while he was still alive.

On 1 May 1700, 7794Lucas' wife 7795Aefje was described as the widow of 7794Lúÿkas Andriesse, so 7794Lucas must have died by then.42

Sources Cited:

1: Declaration dated 4 November 1648 from Andries Lucassen and others at Fort Beversreede that the Swedish lieutenant had orders to prevent the setting of any stake/post in the ground on the Schuykil. New York State Archives' Digital Collections, <https://digitalcollections.archives.nysed.gov/index.php/Detail/objects/50690>, accessed 14 June 2021. The source citation provided by the New York State Archives is: "New York State Archives. New Netherland Council. Dutch Delaware River Settlement Administrative Records, 1646-1664. Series A1878. Volume 18." You can read a translation of the document. This record describes 15588Andries as skipper.

2: Albert Cook Myers, Narratives of Early Pennsylvania, West New Jersey, and Delaware, 1630-1707, pages 85-89. This record describes 15588Andries as a former upper boatswain.

3: Amandus Johnson, The Swedish Settlements on the Delaware, Volume II (Philadelphia Swedish Colonial Society, 1911), page 701. An English translation is on the following page. This list of the inhabitants of Fort Christina in 1644 notes that 15588Andries was appointed to be on the sloop continually.

4: A deposition dated 28 September 1648 and signed by Andries Lucassen and others that in the fall of 1647 they sailed with Govert Loockermans and that during said voyage Loockermans did not sell any arms or ammunition to the Indians. New York State Archives' Digital Collections, <https://digitalcollections.archives.nysed.gov/index.php/Detail/objects/19025>, accessed 14 June 2021. The source citation provided by the New York State Archives is: "New York State Archives. New York (Colony). Secretary of the Province. Register of the Provincial Secretary, 1642-1660. Series A0270-78. Volume 3, documents 20a-b, side 2." You can read a translation of the document. This record mentions 7794Lucas on a 1647 sea expedition.

5: A. J. F. van Laer, Minutes of the court of Fort Orange and Beverwyck, 1652-1656 (University of the State of New York, Albany, NY, 1920), page 108. This court record dated Tuesday, 10 February 1654 reads (translated), "Whereas Luykas Andriesz, skipper, complains that some money is due him by Willem Albertsz from Monickendam and that for that reason he had taken possession of a boat belonging to said Willem Albertsz, it is decided by this court that he, Luykas Andriesz, may keep possession of said boat until he is paid and satisfied."

6: The Records of New Amsterdam from 1653 to 1674, Anno Domini, Volume IV (Knickerbocker Press, 1897), page 203. This city hall record dated Friday, 23 February 1663 reads in part (translated), "Jan Joosten, entering requests by petition as well in his own name as in that of his partner Lucas Andriessen, that they may resume as their own by default of payment, the yacht called The Flower of Gelder, which they, the petitioners, sold to Tomas Jansen Mingael and is pledged for the payment to them [...]."

7: ibid., page 210. This city hall record dated Tuesday, 6 March 1663 pertains to a lawsuit involving defendants Lucas Andriesen and Jan Joosten, who improperly sold a kedge that wasn't paid for and which they knew they had no right to sell.

8: The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record, Volume V (1874), page 91, entry dated 19 July 1648 for the baptism of Jannetie.

9: The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record, Volume VI (1875), page 37, entry dated 1 November 1647 for the marriage of Jan Janszen and Marritje Lúcas.

10: ibid., page 92, entry dated 27 March 1661 for the baptism of Simon.

11: ibid., Volume VIII, page 70, entry dated 21 February 1666 for the baptism of Trÿntie.

12: ibid., Volume VII, page 126, entry dated 18 April 1668 for the baptism of Maria.

13: Robert H. Dodd, The Iconography of Manhattan Island, 1498-1909, Volume II (New York, 1928), page 231.

14: ibid., page 218-219.

15: ibid., on an inset page labeled "C. PL. 82 e." between pages 208 and 209. This map is a reproduction of the Castello Plan. I added the highlights myself to illustrate the locations of 7794Lucas' and Jan's houses.

16: Albany County, New York. Notarial papers, volume 1 (1660-1676), pages 184-185. FamilySearch, <https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QHV-V36M-79WK-4?i=378&cat=238940>, accessed 21 June 2021.

17: The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record, Volume V (1874), page 177, entry dated 30 August 1656 for the baptism of Lÿsbeth.

18: The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record, Volume V (1874), page 181, entry dated 17 October 1657 for the baptism of Jannetje.

19: Albany County, New York. Court minutes book for the years 1652-1656, page 96. FamilySearch, <https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSL5-WSXJ-D?i=57&cat=238649>, accessed 20 June 2021. Source citation #5 above references and translates this same record.

20: The Records of New Amsterdam from 1653 to 1674, Anno Domini, Volume I (1897), page 374.

21: Reformed Dutch Church of New York, Ecclesiastical Records 1618-1697, page 592, an entry dated 20 November 1655 for the marriage of Lúcas Andrieszen and Aefje Laúrens. FamilySearch microfilm film 1927968, image 493; the year (i.e., 1655) is noted on image 492. FamilySearch restricts access to these images, so see copies here: 492, 493. A transcription of this marriage record appears in: The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record, Volume VI (1875), page 84.

22: Collections of the New York Historical Society for the Year 1885 (New York, 1886), page 24.

23: "Afbeeldinge van de Stadt Amsterdam in Nieuw Neederlandt" (circa 1665). New York Public Library Digital Collections, <https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/510d47d9-7c0b-a3d9-e040-e00a18064a99>, accessed 20 June 2021.

24: The Records of New Amsterdam from 1653 to 1674, Anno Domini, Volume III (1897), page 374.

25: New York, New York. Records of New Amsterdam 1647-1674 (minutes, Burgomasters and Schepens), original Dutch records, volume III, page 357, right column, question #3. FamilySearch, <https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QHV-J36M-78V3?i=784&cat=93713>, accessed 21 June 2021. You can see the first page of volume III if you need.

26: ibid., page 405.

27: A. J. F. van Laer, ed., Early Records of the City and County of Albany and Colony of Rensselaerwyck, Volume 3 (Albany, 1918), pages 136-137.

28: The Records of New Amsterdam from 1653 to 1674, Anno Domini, Volume IV (Knickerbocker Press, 1897), page 191.

29: ibid., page 210.

30: Documents Relative to the Colonial History of the State of New York, Volume 13, page 352.

31: ibid., pages 312-313.

32: New York, New York. Records of New Amsterdam 1647-1674, original Dutch records, volume IV, page 339. FamilySearch, <https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QHV-V36M-7N5Z?i=39&cat=93713>, accessed 21 June 2021.

33: The Records of New Amsterdam from 1653 to 1674, Anno Domini, Volume V (1897), page 32.

34: Documents Relative to the Colonial History of the State of New York, Volume 3, page 74.

35: The Records of New Amsterdam from 1653 to 1674, Anno Domini, Volume VII (1897), page 65.

36: The Records of New Amsterdam from 1653 to 1674, Anno Domini, Volume V (1897), page 221.

37: Reformed Dutch Church of New York, Ecclesiastical Records 1618-1697, page 521. FamilySearch film 1927968, images 420, 432, 433. FamilySearch restricts access to these images, so see copies here: 420, 432, 433.

38: A view of New Amsterdam in 1656, the church built in the fort (now the Battery) in 1642. New York Public Library Digital Collections, <https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/510d47da-fac3-a3d9-e040-e00a18064a99>, accessed 22 June 2021.

39: The Records of New Amsterdam from 1653 to 1674, Anno Domini, Volume VII (1897), page 70.

40: Documents Relative to the Colonial History of the State of New York, volume 14, pages 743-744.

41: Year Book of the Holland Society of New York: 1916, page 22.

42: The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record, Volume XIV (1883), page 133, entry dated 1 May 1700 for the baptism of Aefje.