269007906William is best known as the jailer who in early February 1101 failed to prevent the escape of Ranulf Flambard (an unpopular bishop accused of embezzlement) from his imprisonment in the Tower of London. The chronicler Orderic Vitalis, who lived around the same time as 269007906William, describes the escape; a translation is below.3
"For the many injuries he had inflicted on Henry himself and the other children of the soil, both rich and poor, by which he had in various ways heaped constant troubles upon them, he was, thanks to divine providence which changed the current of affairs, hurled from his proud elevation, and committed to the custody of William de Magnaville, to be confined in fetters in the tower of London. [...] the crafty prelate contrived his release from prison, effecting his liberation by the adroit use of his friend's assistance. Indeed, he had great ability and fluency of speech, and although he was cruel and passionate, such was his generosity and constant good humour, that he rendered himself a general favourite, and was even beloved. By the king's command, he was allowed every day two shillings for his diet while in confinement, so that, with the assistance of his friends, he fared sumptuously for a prisoner, and kept daily a splendid table for himself and his keepers. One day a cord was brought to the bishop in a flagon of wine, and, causing a plentiful banquet to be served, the guards having partaken of it in his company, washed it down with Falernian cups in the highest spirits. Having intoxicated them to such a degree that they slept soundly, the bishop secured the cord to a mullion in the centre of the tower window, and, catching up his pastoral staff, began to lower himself by means of the cord. But, now, having forgotten to put on gloves, his hands were excoriated to the bone by the rough cord, and as it did not reach the ground, the portly bishop fell, and being much bruised, groaned piteously. Faithful friends and tried followers were waiting at the foot of the tower, where they had swift horses in readiness for him, though they were in great terror. Having mounted on horseback with them, they fled with the utmost speed, and escorted by his trusty companions, who had charge of his treasure, he lost no time in hastening on shipboard, and, crossing over to Normandy, presented himself to Duke Robert."
269007906William mentioned in the original, autograph manuscript of Orderic Vitalis' Historia Ecclesiastica, which is now held by the Bibliothèque Nationale de France. Full page.3
After Ranulf Flambard's escape, the king seems to have punished 269007906William by seizing three of his most vital properties and mandating an impossibly exorbitant fee to reclaim them; historian C. Warren Hollister discusses this topic more fully in his article "The Misfortunes of the Mandevilles." 4
269007906William was alive on 13 February 1105, when he witnessed a charter for the king,5 but had died by May 1116.6
Sources Cited:
1: H. A. Cronne and R. H. C. Davis, eds., Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum, 1066-1154, Volume III, page 101, entry #275. Notice the phrase "comiti Gaufr(edo) Essexe omnia tenementa sua sicut Gaufredus avus suus aut Willelmus pater ejus."
2: Sir William Dugdale, Monasticon Anglicanum [...], Volume V, page 269, number III
3: Orderic Vitalis, Historia Ecclesiastica, Book X, chapter XVIII. The image is from: Bibliothèque Nationale de France, MSS Latin 10913 ("Dernier volume du ms. original de l'histoire d'Orderic Vital"), a page variously numbered 183 and 93, which is on image #95 of 258, <https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90807658/f95.item.zoom>. A Latin transcription of this document is in: André du Chesne, Historiae Normannorum Scriptores Antiqui (1619), page 786. An English translation is in: Thomas Forester, translator, The Ecclesiastical History of England and Normandy by Ordericuc Vitalis (London, 1854), pages 280-281.